All authors had full access to the data, contributed to the study. Conceptualization: RL, HZ; Data curation: HZ; Formal analysis: RL, HZ; Investigation: RL, XG, HZ; Methodology: XG; Project administration: RL, JF, HZ; Resources: RL, HZ; Software: RL, HZ; Validation: RL, XG, JF, HZ. All authors contributed to the editorial changes in the manuscript. All authors have read and approved the final manuscript, and take responsibility for its accuracy and integrity.
The study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and accepted by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Friendship Hospital (approval No. 2018-P2-030-01). In studies involving human participants, informed consent was obtained from all individuals prior to their inclusion in the research. Participants were thoroughly briefed on the study’s aims, methods, potential benefits, and possible risks. A clear explanation of their participation was provided, and they were informed of their right to withdraw from the study at any time without facing any penalty. Consent was obtained in written form to ensure full understanding and agreement.
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the entire cardiovascular team at Beijing Friendship Hospital, including all physicians and nurses, for their tireless clinical work and dedication to patient care, which made this study possible.
This study was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 81600276).
The authors declare no conflict of interest.